职称英语真题《卫生C》阅读理解精选题

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Better Control of TB Seen if a Faster Cure Is Found

The World Health Organizationl estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it.

The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.

Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious

patients who can pass on their infection to others.

The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.

The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in 1990. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.

Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.

31. Each year, about __________ people die of TB, according to the World Health Organization.

A. one-third of all

B. eight million

C. two million

D. one million

32. The mathematical model tested in Southeast Asia shows that a faster cure is developed and in wide use as early as the year of __________.

A.1990

B.2020

C.2030

D.2012

33. Now there are __________ most common drugs being used for more than forty years.

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

34. Which of the following statements in NOT right in Paragraph 2?

A. Current treatments of TB take at least six months.

B. Shorter treatment program would likely mean more patients cured, and fewer infectious patients.

C. The patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily.

D. The patients should stop taking antibiotic drugs as soon as they feel better.

35. The long-term goal of the Global Alliance for TB Drug Development is a treatment that could work

A. in half a year

B. in two months

C. in ten doses

D. in ten days

答案与解析

31.C。细节题。题干：根据世界卫生组织，每年约有__________人死于TB。利用题干关键词和world Health Organization可以定位到第一段“But each year about eight million people develop active cases ofTB。usually in their million people die ofit”，可知每年约有800万人感染TB，200万人因此丧命，所以该题答案为C(200万)。

32.D。细节题。题干：南亚被检验的数学模型表明最早在——年将有较快的治愈率和广泛的应用。利用题干关键词south Aisa，faster cure和wide use可以定位到第三段的尾句，可知该模型如果在2012年有较快的治愈率和广泛的应用，那么在2012到2030年之间就会有减少，可知本题答案为D(2012年)。

33.D。细节题。题干：现在有——种常见药已经使用了40多年。利用题干关键词common drugs和forty years可以定位到最后一段“The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old”，可知有四种常见药已经使用了40多年了，故D(四种)为正确答案。

34.D。细节题。题干：根据第二段，下列哪项是不正确的?根据第二段第一句可知目前治疗TB需要至少6个月，所以选项A是正确的;根据第二段的'第二句可知病人需要每天同时服用好几种抗生素，所以选项C是正确的;根据第二段的第三句和第四句可知，许多病人在感觉好点后就停止服药，这会导致抵抗治疗效果的感染，所以选项D(病人在感觉好点后应该停止服药)是错误的：根据第二段的最后两句可知，短期治疗项目意味着有更多病人被治愈，也意味着被感染的病人较少地将TB传染给其他人。因此，本题答案为D。

35.C。细节题。题干：TB全球联合会的长期目标是一种__________ 治疗。利用题干关键词long-term goal和Global Alliance for TB Drug Development可以定位到最后一段的最后一句，可知该组织的长期目标是找到一种治疗方法，通过十次剂量就有效，故本题答案为C(十次的剂量)。