职称英语历年真题《理工B》阅读判断精选

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　Wide World of Robots

Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker (修补) with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices. "They're the best toys out there,"says Howle Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist, a person who designs, builds or programs robots.

When Choset was a kid, he was interested in anything that moved---cars, trains, animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later, in high school, he built mobile robots similar to small cars.

Hoping to continue working on robots, he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Choset's labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars: robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward, backward, left and right. But snakes can twist (扭曲) in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain (地形) . "Snakes are far more interesting than the cars, "Choset concluded.

After he started working at Carnegie Mellon, Choset and his colleagues there bagan developing their own snake robots. Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes, such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl (爬行) through the grass, swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.

But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries, the doctor has to open a patient's chest, cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?

Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati, a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School, to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.

A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.

Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations, "I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots," Choset says.

16. Choset began to build robots in high school.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. Snake robots could move in only four directions.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Choset didn't begin developing his own snake robots until he started working at CamegieMellon.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Choset's snake robots could make more movements than the ones others developed.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. The application of a thin robotic snake makes heart surgeries less time-consuming.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. Zenati tested the robot on people after using it in pigs.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. The robotic technology for surgeries on people has brought a handsome profit to Medrobotics.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

　真题答案及解析

16.A。题干：Choset在高中开始制作机器人。利用题干关键词high school和build robots可以定位到第二段最后一句，即“后来，在高中时，他开始制造与汽车机器人相似的移动机器人”，可知题干信息与原文信息一致，故选A。

17.B。题干：机器蛇只能往四个方向移动。利用题干关键词move和direction可以定位到第三段第二句到第四句，可知：Choset的实验室同事们正在研究比遥控车更酷的东西，即机器蛇。一些机器人只能向前、向后、向左或向右移动，但是机器蛇可以向多个方向扭曲。因此题干信息与原文信息不一致，所以答案为B。

18.A。题干：Choset到Carnegie Mellon工作后才开始研究自己的机器蛇。利用题干关键词robot snake和work at Camegie Mellon可以定位到第四段第一句，即“他在Carnegie Mellon工作后，Choset和同事们开始设计自己的机器蛇。题干信息与原文信息一致，故选A。

19.C。题干：Choset研究的机器蛇比其他人开发的机器蛇运动的方向更多。利用题干关键词进行定位，发现原文没有将Choset的机器蛇跟其他人研究的机器蛇进行比较。因此答案为C。

20.C。题干：将小的'机器蛇用于心脏手术可以减少手术时间。利用题干关键词heart surgeries可以定位到第五段最后两句，可知手术完成之后恢复的过程很痛苦，所以Choset想把小的机器蛇用于临床手术，这样可以减少痛苦，但并没有提及手术时间会减少。因此答案为C，未提及。

21.B。题干：Zenati将机器人手术在猪身上实验后又在人的身上进行实验。利用题干关键词pig可以定位到第六段第二句。可知Zenafi先在塑料模型上实验，然后又在猪身上实验。题干信息与原文信息不一致，因此答案为B。

22.c。题干：对人采用机器人技术进行外科手术已经给Medrobotics带来了巨大的利益。利用题干关键词profit和Medrobotics可以定位到第七段，可知Medrobotics正在采用这项技术，但并没有提及获得巨大利益，因此答案为C，未提及。