大学联考定语从句难点

定语从句是高中语法的重要组成部分, 也是历年大学联考考查的重点，其中的难度同学们了解多少呢？

　　一、定语从句中的主谓一致

一般情况下定语从句中谓语动词的选择应与先行词保持一致。

The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently.

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

但（1）John is one of the students who know English.

（3）John is the only one of the students who knows English.

在one of +复数名词+定语从句中，谓语动词用复数，但one of 前有the,the only,等词时，谓语应用单数。

　　二、定语从句中“介词+关系代词”

一般介词+Whom指人，介词+Which指物，从句中介词的'选择方法有1.根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。2，根据定语从句意思需要。3，有时根据意思也可用复杂介词如，as a result of , in front of

control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.

A of which B with which

C about which D into which

答案为C。谓语动词习惯搭配argue about.

agers here depend on the fishing industry there won’t be much work.

A where B that

C by which D without which

答案D,根据句意，确定介词without。

　　三、定语从句中关系词的选择

关系代词和关系副词的使用，要看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分，缺状语用关系副词，缺其它成分用关系代词。

（1）I will never forget the day that/which we spent together.

（2）I will never forget the day when we were together.

（1）句中关系词作spent的宾语，所以用that/which或省略。（2）句中作状语则用关系副词when.

It''s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.（2009福建）

A that B when C which D where

答案D.关系词在从句中作地点状语。

（1）This is the very room that I slept in that evening.

（2）This is the very room where I slept in the evening.

（3）This is the very room in which I slept in the evening.

（1）句中作in 的宾语，先行词被very 修饰，只能用that.

（2）句中作状语。

（3）句介词+关系代词指物用which.

四、定语从句与其他从句

A.定语从句与并列句

（1）There are two boys in Peter''s, both of whom are white.

（2）There are two boys in Peter''s ,and both of them are white.

（1）句是含定语从句的复合句，（2）句有并列连词and ,为并列句。

B.定语从句与主语从句

（1）As is known to us all, the earth is round.

（2）It is known to us all that the earth is round.

（3）What is known to us all is that the earth is round.

（1）句是 as引导的定语从句，（2）句是it作形式主语的主语从句，（3）句是what引起的主语从句

C.定语从句与强调句

（1）Was it October1,1949 when the People''s Republic of China was founded?

（2）Was it on October1, 1949 that the People''s Republic of China was founded?

句（1）是由关系副词when引导的定语从句，when可以用on which代替。

句（2）是强调句，强调句中的时间状语on october1,1949.

D.定语从句与状语从句

（1）This kind of plant grows best at the places where it is warm and wet.

（2）This kind of plant grows best where it is warm and wet.

句（1）关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词places.句（2）是where引导的地点状语从句。

（1）He is such an honest boy as I like.

（2）He is such an honest boy that I like him.

句（1）是定语从句，先行词有such 修饰，as作like的宾语。句（2）是的结果状语从句。

E.定语从句与同位语从句

（1）The news that he told me is true .

（2）The news that he will come back from the U.S is true.

句（1）是定语从句，that作told的宾语，that也可由which代替。句（2）是同位语从句，that不作任何成分，只起链接作用，不能省略，不可由which代替。

总之，定语从句考查的方法多种多样，需要我们在平时做题时多留心，分清题目考查的方式，了解定语从句“难题”的设置方法和考查趋势，这样做题就不再觉得棘手。