2022年大学英语四级考试试题及答案

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大学英语四级考试试题及答案 篇1

Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)

31. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used late for his lecture.

A) to have students B) for students' being

C) for students to be D) to students' being

32. You should have been more patient that customer; I'm sure that selling him the watch was a possibility.

A) of B) with C) for D) at

33. Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university .

A) has been accepted B) have been accepted

C) was accepted D) were accepted

34. This box is too heavy, . give me a hand?

A) would you mind B) would you please

C) will you like to D) will you please to

35. he works hard, I don't mind when he finishes the experiment.

A) As soon as B) As well as C) So far as D) So long as

36. As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town 50 households or more.

A) having B) to have C) to have had D) having had

37. People appreciate with him because he has a good sense of humor.

A) to work B) to have worked C) working D) having worked

38. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he himself.

A) injure B) had injured C) injured D) would injure

39. We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield . any military threat.

A) up B) to C) in D) at

40. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded______ other more well-informed experimenters failed.

A) which B) that C) what D) where

41. If tap water were as dangerous as some people think, would be getting sick.

A) a lot of more us. B) more a lot of us

C) a lot of us more D) a lot more of us

42. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, obtaining water is not the least.

A) for which B) to which C) of which D) in which

43. Which sport has the most expenses training equipment, players' personal equipment and uniforms ?

A) in place of B) in terms of C) by means of D) by way of

44. They are going to have the serviceman ________an electric fan in the office tomorrow.

A) install B) to install C) to be installed D) installed

45. I'm sure he is up to the job he would give his mind to it.

A) if only B) in case C) until D) unless

46. The car halfway for_______ no reason.

A) broke off B) broke down C) broke up D) broke out

47. The newcomers found it impossible to themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.

A) suit B) adapt C) regulate D) coordinate

48. A to this problem is expected to be found before long.

A) result B) response C) settlement D) solution

49. You have nothing to by refusing to listen to our advice.

A) gain B) grasp C) seize D) earn

50. As a result of careless washing, the jacket to a child's size.

A) compressed B) shrank C) dropped D) decreased

51. He hoped the firm would him to the Paris branch.

A) exchange B) transmit C) transfer D) remove

52. Having decided to rent a flat, we ______contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.

A) set about B) set down C) set out D) set up

53. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied ______.

A) originally B)extremely C) violently D) intensively

54. their differences, the couple were developing an obvious and genuine affection for each other.

A) But for B) For all C) Above all D) Except for

55. One day I a newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college.

A) came across B) came about C) came after D) came at

56. She was complaining that the doctor was __ too much for the treatment he was giving her.

A) expending B) offering C) costing D) charging

57. The manager spoke highly of such as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees.

A) virtues B) features C) properties D) characteristics

58. Since the matter was extremely , we dealt with it immediately.

A) tough B) tense C) urgent D) instant

59. You don't have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you on business first.

A) would go B) will go C) went D) have gone

60. When I try to understand that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.

A) why it does B) what it does C) what it is D) why it is

【参考答案】

Part III Vocabulary and Structure

31. D 32. B 33. C 34 B 35. D

36. A 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D

41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. A

46. B 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B

51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. A

56. D 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. C

【试题注解】

Part Ⅲ： Vocabulary and Structure。

31 . [译文] 尽管这位教授自己很守时，但他已经习惯了学生上课迟到。

答案为D。这是一道考察固定搭配的试题。be/become/get used to，此外to为介词，后面跟名词性成份，它有别于used to+不定式，(过去常常)。

32. [译文] 如果你对顾客这耐心点，我相信他有可能会买着块表。

答案为B。本题测试习惯用法patient with somebody(有耐性的)， e.g. Be patient with a child , be patient of sth.(能忍受)

33. [译文] 这两个到大学求职的年轻人都没被聘用。

答案为C。本题测试的是语法中的一致性，从句子的结构来看，我们应选用一般过去时，而不用现在完成时，另外，当either， neither做主语时，谓语应用单数，而“either，neither +of 短语”做主语时，谓语也常用单数。(Neither of the students has turned in the papers to the teacher)。

34. [译文] 这个箱子太重了，你能帮我一下吗?

答案为B。本题测试惯用法，当我们表示请求时，可以有以下几种表达方法。

Would you like to go

Would you prefer to go with me?

Would you mind going

以上的句子中，would 不能被will替换，另外我们还可用would/will you please + do sth来表示请求。

35. [译文] 只要他尽力去做就行，我不在乎他什么时候做完实验。

答案为D。本题为词组用法测试题。as soon as 表示一……就;(常用于时间状语从句)as well as 意为“同样;也;和”，相当于in addition to;as far as 意为“到……程度，就……而言”;so long as 意为只要;如果。(引出条件状语从句)

36. [译文] 早在1647年俄亥俄州就做出决定：在每个有50户以上的居民的城镇中必须建立免费的、由财政支持的学校。

答案为A。本题为语法测试题。分词作定语,修饰名词时，可放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面，当现在分词短语修饰名词时需置于名词之后，其相当于一个含现在进行时谓语的从句(过去名词不能这样用)，故我们选A)项。

37. [译文] 人们喜欢和他在一起工作，因为他富有幽默感。

答案为C.本题为语法测试题。英语中有些动词只接不定式，而有些动词只接动名词做其宾语，而动词appreciate后面只能跟动名词作其宾语，故我们选C)项。

38. [译文] 这个疯子被关进一间用软垫防护的小室内，以免他弄伤自己。

答案为A。这是一道语法测试题。英语语法中，在由lest(书面语)引起的从句中一般要用虚拟语气，谓语动词由should+动词原形构成，其中should可以省略，所以我们应选择A)项。

39. [译文] 我们爱好和平，但我们不是那种屈从于武力威胁的人。

答案为B。本题测试动词和介词的搭配。yield to sb./sth.是习惯用法，意思为“屈服，让步”，而yield up sth.表示“放弃，根据题意，我们应选择B)。

40. [译文] 尽管对这个领域大量研究成果他知之甚少，但在那些所知比他多的人失败的 地方他却取得了成功。

答案为D。本题测试的是定语从句的用法。在改用定语从句时，主要是要弄清先行词是什么，而后再选择关系词，本题中关系词所指的是“the field”表地点，所以应用关系副词where，故我们选D)项。

41. [译文] 如果自来水象某些人想的那样危险，我们中的许多人都会得病了。

答案为D。本题测试的是限定词的位置关系。用more来限定lot时，应置于lot之后，其它的说法都不符合习惯用法，故应选D)项。

42. [译文] 生活在澳大利亚沙漠中有许多不便，其中获取水还不是最不便的。

答案为C。这是一道定语从句的考查题。本句为一个非限定性定语从句，从先行词problems和引导词which之间的意思，我们要用介词of，故我们选择C)项。

43. [译文] 就训练设备、运动员的个人装备和服装而言，哪种运动花费最大?

答案为B。本题是一道词义测试题。in place of/in the place of/in one’s place，意为“代替”;by means of 意为 “凭、依靠。”;by way of 意为 “通过……公式。”;in terms of 意为 “根据，从……方面”。

44. [译文] 他们准备让勤杂工明天在办公室安装一台电扇。

答案为A。本题是一道语法测试题。我们知道使役动词，have、let、make后面的动词不定式作宾语时，应省略to，本句由应有have sb. do sth.故我们选A)项。

45. [译文] 只要他专心去做，我相信他能胜任这项工作。

答案为A。.本题为词意理解题。

if only 意为“只要”，是复合从属连词，引导条件状语从句，类似as long as。until 可作连词也可作介词，意为“到……为止”。in case 意为“如果，万一”，后跟虚拟语气。unless 意为“除非，如果不”。

46. [译文] 不知何因，这车在半路上坏了。

答案为B。本题测试动词短语的搭配。break off 意为“停止、中断说话等，暂时停止”;break down 意为“崩溃、出毛病(机器);break up 意为“破摔，碎裂”;break out 意为“突然发生(战争，疾病等)”。

47. [译文] 这些新来者发现，自己在这个国家要完全适应这种气候以便永久安家是不可能的。

答案为B。本题是一道词汇考查题。suit意为“使满意，适应”，(e.g.)，Does the climate suit you?adapt 意为“使适应，改编，改写”，(e.g.)you must adapt yourself to new condition. regulate 意为“调节，标准(仪器，机械)”;coordinate意为“调和，协调”。

48. [译文] 这个问题的解决方法有望在不久后被找到。

答案为D。词汇考查题。result(n.)意为“结果，效果，成绩等”;response 意为“回答，反应”;settlement 意为“(问题的)解答，解决方式或方法”。

49. [译文] 你不听我们的建议将毫无收获。

答案为A。词汇测试题。gain，意为“获得，赢得”;seize，意为“抓住、捉住”;grasp，意为“掌握、理解、抓紧”;earn，意为“赚得，拿得”。

50. [译文] 由于洗的时候不小心，这件夹克缩到小孩的尺寸了。

答案为C。这是一道近义词辨析题。compress 意为“压缩(便于置于小的空间)”;

shrink意为“(使)收缩、(使)缩(指布漫湿之后收缩)，(e.g.)Those jeans will shrink in the wash.. drop 意为“滴下、落下”;decrease 意为“减少、减小”。

51. [译文] 他希望公司能将他调到巴黎分部。

答案为C。词汇测试题。exchange 意为“交换、调换”;transmit 意为“传播、转送、输送”;transfer 意为“迁移、调动”;remove 意为“排除、消除、搬迁、与”。

52. [译文] 在决定租一套公寓后，我们开始着手联系城里的房屋经纪人。

答案为A。本题测试动词词组的用法。set about 意为“开始、着手”，表示有目的地开始做某事;set down 意为“放下、卸下”，set out to do sth. 表示为某个目的而努力;set out 意为“出发、启程”;set up 意为“竖起建起、搭起”。

53. [译文] 雇主和雇员之间的关系已被做了精密地研究。

答案为D。.词汇测试题。originally 意为“新颖地、独特地”等;extremely 意为“(强度)极端地”;violently 意为“猛烈地、使用暴力地”等;intensively，表示“强烈地、密集地”等。

54. [译文] 尽管这对亲人之间有些性格差异，他们却正形成明显的，真诚的爱情。

答案为B。词义考查题。but for 意为“要不是、要是没有”后面要求用虚拟语气。

for all 意为“虽然、尽管”，(e.g.)For all his wealth，he was not happy。above all 意为“最重要的是”。except for 意为“除……之外”。

55. [译文] 一天我在报纸上偶然发现一篇关于某州大学的一位英语教授的学术报告。

答案为A。这是一道动词词组考查题。come across(sb./sth.)，意为“偶然发现/遇见某人”;come about 意为“发生”;come after 意为“跟随”;come at 意为“达到、得到”。

56. [译文] 她在抱怨那位医生收费太高。

答案为D。近义词辨析题。expend，意为“花费、耗尽、用量”;offer 意为“提供、提出、出价”;cost 意为“花多少钱”;charge 意为“索价、要价”。

57. [译文] 这位经理高度赞扬了他的员工所表现出的诚实、勇敢、守信等美德。

答案为A。词义辨析题。virtue 意为“优点、美德、好处”;feature 意为“相 、特色、特征、特写、特别督导”等;property 意为“属性、性质”;characteristic 意为“特点、特征、特色”。

58. [译文] 由于事情非常紧迫，我们立刻处理了它。

答案为C。辨析词汇题。tough 意为“坚韧的、坚强的、坚硬的”等;tense 意为“拉紧的、紧张的”;urgent 意为“急迫的”;instant 意为“即刻的、立刻的”。

59. [译文] 你没有必要这么着急。我宁愿你先去上班。

答案为C。结构搭配题。would rather 意为“宁愿、宁可”，后引起虚拟语气的从句，表示对未来推测的一种情况，当后面跟that从句时，谓语动词过去式，故我们可选C)项。

60. [译文] 当我试图认识究竟是使么使得美国人不能像其期望的那么幸福时，在我看来有两个原因。

答案为C。结构考查题。根据本题结构，连接词应在句子中作表语成份，故我们选用what引导，所以我们可选C)项。

大学英语四级考试试题及答案 篇2

As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __1__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.

If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be __4__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in points, which are __5__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.

In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.

[A]compare

[B]responsible

[C]useful

[D]added

[E]find

[F]reference

[G]indirect

[H]method

[I]successful

[J]combined

[K]Necessarily

[L]capacity

[M]ability

[N]Basically

[O]adopt

【答案】

1.选B)。此处应填形容词。原文意思为“会计部门...计算报酬”，选项中的`形容词responsible“负责任的”，useful“有用的”，indirect“间接的”，successful“成功的”，其中indirect不能与for连用，排除;剩余几项中只有B)responsible意义符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。

2.选O)。此处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题，选项中的动词原形有compare“比较”，find“找到”，adopt“采纳”，分别带入原文，只有adopt最符合原文意思，故选O).

3.选H)。此处应填名词。从原文看，and连接并列结构，所以要填的词应与and后面的ways意思一致，选项中的名词只有mathod = ways，故选H)method。

4.选I)。此处应填形容词。上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的方法，说的是制度“是否有用”的问题。这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题，劳资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件。形容词useful和successful，I)seccessful更符合原文意思。

5.选D)。此处应填动词。这个动词的宾语是point“分值”，把分值...起来to give a total value得出总分值，选项中有added和combined，前者指“把...相加”，后者意为“把...结合在一起”，原文指将分值相加得出总分，故D)added最符合文意。

6.选M)。此处应填名词。首先solve problem“解决问题”是经理们应具备的能力，选项中的capacity与ability都可以表示“能力”;前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力，而后者强调实际应用的能力，故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用M)ability。

7.选F)。此处应填名词。前半句指出“因为管理工作很难评估，经理的工作得分不需要参照基于分值的评估系统决定。”without reference to为固定搭配，意思是“与...无关”。故选F)reference。

8.选A)。此处应填动词原形。原句中出现了the value of each job“每种工作的价值”和these in the job market“工作市场上的(工作价值)”，说明人事部门通过比较两种价值来计算工资制度。选项中只有compare表示“比较”，所以A)正确。

9.选K)。此处应填副词，修饰整句话。“报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变”，选项中Necessarily“必须地”与Basically“基本地”为副词，分别带入原文，“报酬...的变化是必须的”更符合上下文意思，故排除N),选K)。

10.选G)。此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即simple to measure the work done易于评估的工作，通常用现金奖励办法;而...measurement is difficult“难于评估的”，说明这些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是间接的，故选项中只有G)indirect符合原句的意思。

大学英语四级考试试题及答案 篇3

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure

[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.

[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有复原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.

[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.

[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.

[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.”

[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.

[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.

[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.

[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.

[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.

[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.

[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.

[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.

36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.

37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.

38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.

39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.

40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.

41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.

42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.

43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.

44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.

45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.

答案：

36.D

37. J

38. L

39. A

40. E

41. K

42. I

43.B

44. G

45. C