关于定语从句中关系代词的分析
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(1) 关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which,as的用法
英语中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as,它们是用来引导定语从句的。关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,又在其所引导的从句中承担一个成分, 如主语、宾语、表语或定语。如:
This is the man who saved your son.
这就是救了你儿子的那个人。(who在从句中作主语,先行词是man)
The man whom I met yesterday is Jim.
我昨天见到的那个人是吉姆。(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是man)
He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea.
他想要个窗户面临大海的房间。(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是room)
I walked to the gate that opened towards the lake.
我走向那扇临湖的`大门。(that在从句中作主语,它的先行词是gate)
This is the pen which he bought yesterday.(which在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是pen,可省略)
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
众所周知,月球每个月绕地球转一周。(as在从句中作主语,指代主句)
(2)关系代词who,whom,whose的区别
a) who和whom均只用于指人,不用于指事或物,其中who在定语从句中用作主语,whom在定语从句中用作宾语。Who有时可代替whom作宾语,但在介词后面一定要用whom作介词的宾语。如:
She said she huffed the persons who flattered her.
她说她看不起那些拍她马屁的人。
The man who / whom you met just now is called Jim.
你刚遇见的那个人叫吉姆。
She brought with her three friends, none of whom I had ever met before.
她带了3个朋友来,我以前都没见过。
b)关系代词whose既可用于指人,也可用于指事或物,它在定语从句中主要用作定语。如:
This is the woman whose name is known all over the country.
这个是一个名字被整个国家所熟知的女科学家。
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