2016職稱英語考試理工類補全短文題目特點及考情分析

為幫助參加2016年職稱英語考試的考生複習備考，小編為大家總結了職稱英語考試理工類各種題型的題目特點分析以及相應題型的考情分析，今天我們要講述的是補全短文題目的特點及其考情分析。

　　題目特點

補全短文是職稱英語考試的第五大題，共有5道小題，每題2分，總計10分。補全短文要求考生根據文章的內容選擇5組句子並將其補回原處。

這部分考題本是考查考生把握文章結構和文章思路的能力，但實際上解答此類題是對句子或短語、語法搭配或語義搭配的綜合運用。這部分的短文在難度上與閲讀理解難度相當。備選答案往往是完整的句子、從句以及各類短語(如名詞短語、介詞短語、不定式短語、動名詞短語、分詞短語等)。

空白處在文中的位置有3種，即段首、段中和段尾。根據英語短文的特點，主題句一般在句首和句尾，因而空白處在句首出現時，考查考生對掌握和概括短落大意的能力;空白處出現在句中時，考查考生把握上下文之間意義聯繫的能力;空白處出現在段尾時，考查考生掌握和概括段落大意的能力，或是根據已讀材料進行推理和判斷的能力。

考點分析

　　從考試分析可以看出：

1.全短文的文章體裁多樣，有記敍文也有説明文。

2.從歷年來看，空白處幾乎都設置於段中或段尾，可見主要是考查考生把握上下文之間意義聯繫的能力，或是根據已讀材料進行推理和判斷的能力，因此考生要學會利用上下文尋找解題的線索。

　　技巧點撥

這部分題目的.解答既要注意所填部分與原句在語義上的匹配，同時還要注意所填部分與原句前後在語法上的匹配。

1.利用空白處前後的句子成分來判斷該處所需的語法結構。

2.利用空白處上下文的語境來判斷符合語法結構需求的待選答案在語義上與語境的匹配。

3.通讀整句或整段來檢查是否選定的答案與原文在語法和語義上都相一致。

4.牢記下面的幾個原則：

就近原則——在文章空白處的上下文中尋找解題的線索;

時間原則——出現時間、年代等詞語時，要注意文章中的時間與選項中的時間的對應關係;

代詞原則——因為指示代詞指代前面的內容，所以一般不能作為段落的開頭;

重複原則——根據語義走向一致的原則，往往上下文有重複的詞是核心詞。

【考點説明】

考生在解題時要特別注意空白處前後的句子成分，由此來判斷此處所需的語法結構是句子、從句還是短語。如果空白處是在一句話的中間，則需要補全的為短語或從句;如果空白處是在句號的後面，則需要補全的是一個獨立的句子。下面將通過舉例來説明。

　　相關閲讀：2016年職稱英語考試《理工類》補全短文練習

How to Interview People

Interviewing (採訪) is one of those skills that you can only get better at. You will never again feel so ill at ease as when you try it for the first time, and probably you'll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he or she may be too shy to reveal.

(46) The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.

The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it. There's nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. (47) Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you're dealing with, getting him or her to trust you.

Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can. If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record. If it's an actor, know what plays he has been in. (48)

Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. (49) Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting, and they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.

This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well. In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, and they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use. (50) You will both even begin to enjoy it - proof that you aren't forcing your victim to do something he doesn't really want to.

A Come back another day; it will go better.

B But at least half of the skill is mechanical.

C As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony.

D You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.

E This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.

F Both of you need time to get to know each other.

答案：B F D E A