主流和非主流的關係gre作文分析

"Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology， fortune-telling， and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science."

這個題目是講主流和非主流的關係，提的方面是科學領域內。但是這個題目裏面我自認為的一個問題是，speaker把astrology，fortune-telling，psychic，和paranormal pursuits也歸結為科學的範疇內了，但這些都是我們通常成為的偽科學的幾個典型方面。

這個題目，目前我沒有想到什麼好的方面來支持這個speaker的正確性。希望有持支持觀點的朋友來説説你自己的看法偽科學的相關釋義附在點評最後處

This statement actually consists of two claims: that non-mainstream areas of inquiry are vital in satisfying human needs， and that these areas are therefore vital to society. I concede that astrology， fortune- telling， and psychic and paranormal pursuits respond to certain basic human needs.

乾淨利索的分析了題目，但是個人認為還不是分析的很透徹。

However， in my view the potential harm they can inflict on their participants and on society far outweighs their psychological benefits.

自己觀點出來了，反對。是一個讓步的關係，先承認了是有此方面的作用，用了however來了個轉折給從更大的方面給否了。

Admittedly， these non-mainstream areas of inquiry address certain human needs， which mainstream science and other areas of intellectual inquiry inherently cannot.

開始駁斥了，首先肯定了其之作用。

One such need involves our common experience as humans that we freely make our own choices and decisions in life and therefore carry some responsibility for their consequences. Faced with infinite choices， we experience uncertainty， insecurity， and confusion; and we feel remorse， regret， and guilt when in retrospect our choices turn out be poor ones. Understandably， to prevent these bad feelings many people try to shift the burden of making difficult choices and decisions to some nebulous authority outside themselves——by relying on the stars or on a stack of tarot cards for guidance.

具體分析了這些種學科產生的具體原因。

Two other such needs have to do with our awareness that we are mortal. This awareness brings a certain measure of pain that most people try to relieve by searching for evidence of an afterlife. Absent empirical proof that life extends beyond the grave， many people attempt to contact or otherwise connect with the so-called "other side" through paranormal and psychic pursuits. Another natural response to the prospect of being separated from our loved ones by death is to search for a deeper connection with others here on Earth and elsewhere， in the present as well as the past. This response manifests itself in people‘s enduring fascination with the paranormal search for extraterrestrial life， with so- called "past life" regression and "channeling，" and the like.

這個部分的邏輯關係簡潔明瞭，寫的很利索。寫出了這些science存在和產生的理由。闡述的也可以説是比較的exclusive——這個單詞大家不要忽略，等我們開始分析ETS範文的時候你就會發現在滿分範文的評語中這個單詞會多次出現的。這個是對testee的'邏輯思維的一個考量的方面。

While the sorts of pursuits which the speaker lists might be "vital" insofar as they help some people feel better about themselves and about their choices and circumstances， query whether these pursuits are otherwise useful to any individual or society.

開始了自己的質疑。

In the first place，用一個非常普通的用於連接的詞語開始了自己的列舉because these pursuits are not rooted in reason， they are favorite pastimes of charlatans—經典，非常好的否定，hit home。and others who seek to prey on dupes—好，一個單詞就直截了當的表明自己的想法driven by the aforementioned psychological needs. And the dupes have no recourse. After all， it is impossible to assess the credibility of a tarot card that tells us how to proceed in life simply because we cannot know where the paths not taken would have led. Similarly， we cannot evaluate claims about the afterlife because these claims inherently defy empirical ?這個形容詞是經常用來解釋pseuoscience的用詞，我後面會給大家附一個偽科學的解釋大家可以多次找到這個empirical這個詞——proof——or disproof.