名師淺談:新託福寫作用詞地道之名詞化
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A 謂語動詞的賓語部分
原句:I do not know either what she meant or what he intends.
名詞化:I do not know either her meaning or his intentions.
B 結合被動形式
原句:If people decide without enough persuasive information,...
名詞化:If a decision is made without enough persuasive information,...
C 取代諸如從句中“the fact that”的用法
原句:The fact that I denied what he accused me of impressed the jury.
名詞化:My denial of his accusations impressed the jury.
更好的名詞化:a. When I denied his accusations, I impressed the jury.
b. In denying his accusations, I impressed the jury.
D 名詞化部分用在there is/are的後面
原句:We demand that the government stop taxing entertainment.
名詞化:There is a demand for an end to taxation on entertainment.
原句:The floods considerably eroded the land.
名詞化:There was considerable erosion of the land from the floods.
然而,有些時候,在我們的思維方式中認為理所應當使用“名詞化”時,老外認為是沒有必要的。比如:
A 名詞化部分跟在動詞後面
原句(名詞化“宂餘”):The police conducted an investigation into the matter.
改後:The police investigated the matter.
B 名詞化部分作為主語
原句:Our discussion is concerned with a tax cut.
改後:We discussed a tax cut.
C 連續進行名詞化
原句:a. First, she reviewed the evolution of the dorsal fin.
b. There was a first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin.
改後:First, she reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved.
D 連接部分名詞化
原句:Their cessation of hostilities was because of their personnel losses.
改後:They ceased hostilities because they lost personnel.
原句:The instability of the motor housing did not preclude the completion of the field trials.
改後:Even though the motor housing was unstable, the research staff completed the field trials.
以上這些情況是我們中國學生很常見的名詞化缺失或名詞化濫用的`例子。對於新託福寫作來説,在保證基本的語言語法不出錯的基礎上,如果能更多地正確使用名詞化,文章不但更地道,也更易取得高分。當然,熟練掌握名詞化不是一蹴而就的事情,平時需要多積累,多運用。
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