2017职称英语试题卫生A级模拟题：阅读判断

2017年职称英语开始备考啦，为了帮助大家更好地备考，下面是yjbys网小编为大家提供的2017职称英语试题模拟题练习，希望能帮助大家顺利备考复习。以下是职称英语试题卫生A级模拟题：阅读判断。

　第2部分：阅读判断(第16"--'22题，每题l分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该旬提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Cancer Drug Trials Often Halted Early

An increasing number of clinical trials for new cancer treatments are being halted before the risks and benefits have been fully evaluated, say Italian researchers, who warn that this growing trend could put patients at risk of harm from new therapies rushed into use.

The researchers looked at 25 randomized, controlled clinical trials that were stopped early because the treatments had started to show benefit to patients.

"When we analyzed 25 trials over a 10-year period between 1997 and 2007, we found a consistent increase in prematurely stopped trials -- more than 50 percent were stopped within the last three years," study co-author Giovanni Apolone said at a news conference Tuesday.

Of 14 trials halted early and published between 2005 and 2007, the researchers found that 11 (79 percent) of them were used to support drug approval applications submitted to the European Medicines Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

"This suggests a strong commercial component in stopping trials prematurely. In fact, this strategy could guarantee quicker access to the market for companies. On the other hand, a quicker clinical drug development may lead to an 'immature' benefit/risk balance of new drugs," Apolone said.

He and his colleagues "are aware that trials stopped early because they are showing benefit may result in identification of promising new treatments for patients. However, findings obtained following this strategy should be considered to be preliminary results that require subsequent confirmation."

It can take several years for the long-term benefits or harmful side effects of a new treatment to become apparent, Apolone noted, but the average duration ( 持续时间) of the 25 studies he and his colleagues analyzed was 30 months, with a range from 12 to 64 months.

They also found that at the time five of the studies were stopped, they'd enrolled less than 40 percent of the total number of patients planned for final analysis.

"Clinical trials need to stop early for superior benefit whenever there's proof beyond reasonable doubt that the new treatment really is superior. That would be an ethical obligation,"

Stuart Pocock, a professor of medical statistics at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in the United Kingdom, said at the news conference. "However, too many trials are stopped early claiming efficacy (功效) without strong evidence being available."

16. The number of prematurely stopped clinical trials has increased recently.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. The trials were stopped early because the treatments proved to be of no value.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. The 25 trials involved roughly the same number of participants.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Some of the trials were probably stopped early for commercial reasons.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. Participants in the trials were happy when they were stopped early.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

2l. Some of the trials were too short to show their long-term effects.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Stuart Pocock believed that in no case should clinical trials stop early.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

答案与解析：

16.A。题干：最近半途而废的临床实验的数量增加了。利用题干关键词可以定位到文章第一句：“越来越多的研究癌症新疗法的临床实验中止了……”题干所述与文章信息相符，故选A。

17.B。题干：提前停止实验是因为治疗被证明是无价值的。利用题干关键词可以定位到文章第二段：“临床实验之所以中止是因为治疗开始对病人见效了。”因此，题干所述与原文不符，故选B。

18.C。题干：25个实验包括差不多相同数量的参与者。利用题干关键词进行定位，文章并没有提及有关25个实验参与者的数量情况，所以选C。

19.A。题干：有些实验中止是因为商业方面的原因。由关键词commercial定位到文章第五段：“这意味着中止实验是有经济原因的'。”题干所述与文章信息相符，因此选A。

20.c。题干：当实验中止时，参与者很高兴。文章并没有提及有关参与者的态度问题，因此选C。

21.A。题干：有些实验的时间太短了，无法显示长久的影响。根据关键词long-term定位到第七段：“一种新药物产生的长远好处和坏处有时需要很长时间才能明了。”题干所述与文章信息相符，所以本题选A。

22.B。题干：Stuart Pocock认为临床实验无论如何也不能中止。根据专有名词Stuart Pocock定位到第九段：“太多实验停下的时间太早，其功效并没有强有力的佐证，”但Stuart Pocock并没有完全否定提前结束，故本题选择B。