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英语四级改错题考点:谓语动词

英语四级改错题考点:谓语动词

谓语动词指在句子中充当谓语的动词,有行为动词,系动词,情态动词和助动词等几种,其中行为动词又包括及物动词和不及物动词。 谓语动词是与非谓语动词相对应的概念.两者都是动词,但是前者是作谓语成分,后者不能作谓语成分.而谓语成分就是用来说明主语的动作或状态的,一般由动词或短语动词承担.

英语四级改错题考点:谓语动词

  一、 谓语动词的主谓一致

①、主谓分割原则

例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle,

A

America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.

B      C      D

分析:C错,应改为symbolizes。主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式。

②、与后者一致原则

not…but, 强调but后面的名词,

not only…but also

③、与前者一致原则

名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is,

中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致

例:The athlete, together with his coach and

A      B  C

several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.

D

分析:D错,与谓语动词与the athlete 保持一致,改为is

④、就近原则

or, either…or, neither…nor,

单数名词+or+复数名词+are

如果把句子变为一般疑问句,也就是把be动词提到前面,那么变为is

所以注意一点: 如果是陈述句,靠后面近,用复数

如果是疑问句,靠前面近,用单数

例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are

A      B

amazingly complex for single-celled animals.

C              D

分析:A错,应改为and。从谓语动词是复数形式判断,主语应该为复数,or连接两个名词时动词和后面的名词保持一致,behavior是用单数形式,因此只有改为并列连词and才能使主谓在数上保持一致。

⑤定语从句主语就近原则

There are five apples that are red.

apples是复数,因此从句谓语动词是复数。

例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets

A

carry a supply that last just a few seconds.

B   C    D

分析:D错,应改为lasts。从句的逻辑主语a supply为单数,其谓语动词应为单数形式。

⑥the +形容词主谓一致

The rich are not always happier than the poor.

The rich 表示一类人,应该用复数

⑦、倒装句的主谓一致

改错题倒装句的主谓一致一般考两种情况:

a. there be 句型

there be+名词+名词,那么最近的名词决定其形式

b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名词,名词其实是主语,所以be和名词保持一致

例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate.

A     B      C    D

分析:there be 句型由最近的名词决定其形式,society当然用单数,A错,there are 改为there is

例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific

A     B

Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30

C

miles in width.

D

分析:倒装句,are改为is

例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and

A    B       C

Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film

D

presented on the five-story-tall screen.

分析:D错,应改为films , 主语实际上是名词,应该与谓语动词保持一致。

⑧、百分比结构的主谓一致

fifty percent of + 名词

one percent of + 名词

谓语动词的形式和百分比多少没有关系,主要取决于后面的名词,比如:

one percent of my students + are

fifty percent of my time is spent on working.

这里要强调两个结构

half of =fifty percent

most of + 可数名词 + are

most of + 不可数名词+ is

例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been

A       B         C

found in central and eastern Canada.

D

分析:C错,应改为have been。介词of的宾语为复数名词短语,作主语的.中心词half当然表复数,相应的谓语动词应为复数形式。

例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized

A   B

in the United States are for foods and beverages.

C     D

分析:A错,应改为packages。从谓语动词用复数形式判断出主语是复数名词。注意food用复数表示不同种类的食品,beverage用复数表示不同种类的饮料,故(C)、(D)均没有错

  二、谓语动词的时态

①、主要考察时间状语

例 The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century.

A        B  C     D

分析:Metal, aluminum同位语,in the nineteenth century为明显表示过去时间的状语, 因此应该用过去时态,把has been改为was

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