英语四级作文复习的必备要素

大学英语四级考试复习过程中，有一些要素是复习作文的必备要素的。为此本站小编为大家带来大学英语四级作文部分复习的必备要素。

　　大学英语四级考试作文复习的必备要素

一. 休息

考试迫在眉睫时，同学们往往容易进入一种临考状态。这种状态比较突出的表现是夜不能寐。尤其是在专业课和全国四六级考试纷至沓来的时候，很多同学更是发扬连续作战的精神，通宵达旦，头悬樑、锥刺骨。其实这对于像四六级考试这样的高强度考试而言是有百害而无一益的。道理很简单，四六级考试对于一个学生来说，不仅是一次英语水平的综合测试，也是一种意志力、甚至是体力的考验。没有良好的休息作为后盾，考生很难笑到最后。所以，保证充足的睡眠是最基本也是首要的应试技巧。

二. 营养

无庸置疑，营养的摄入在最后关头也是异常重要的一环。在保证充分睡眠的同时，食物是另一个“工夫在诗外”的客观因素。尤其是参加四级考试的同学，早餐一定要定时定量，不可或缺。一般来说，类似奶酪苏这样的奶制品外加一杯热牛奶或者热巧克力已经足以提供整个半天考试所需的热量，当然，这也因人而异。有些体质虚弱的同学也可以考虑服用一些如西洋参、鸡精这样的营养品。不过，安眠药等有副作用的药物一定要慎用，否则过犹不及。

三. 心理

古人云，不战而屈人之兵，很大程度上取决于心理因素。随着四六级考试改革的深入，会有更多，更新，更难的题目，包括作文题目出现，这样就要求我们有处惊不变的能力。即使是出现某种没有预料到的题型，考生也应该及时调整心态、从容不迫地应答。事实上，历史经验证明：题目要求越是高，难度越是大，考生的发挥余地也就越大。挑战和机遇是成正相关的。

四. 评分

知己知彼，百战不怠。熟悉老师的评分习惯，对于考生正常、甚至是超常发挥自身水平也十分有益。正常情况下，阅卷老师要领会贯彻考试规定的评分原则，依照文章的结构和语言水平进行评分。然而，除此以外，有“两个基本点”我们也需要给予足够的'重视——闪光点和语法点。在一篇出类拔萃的范文中，我们往往可以看到像提问法、谚语总结法、从句、并列句、理由段公式、理由词汇、路线句型、插入语、名词化、和被动语态等等闪光点;而在一篇低分例文中，基本的语言错误则多得数不胜数。

五. 审题

磨刀不误砍柴工。在落笔前花两三分钟时间进行构思，既有利于理清行文思路、也避免了差之毫厘、失之千里的遗憾。尤其是在应对图表类作文时，我们更是要看清图表，牢牢把握各个数据的变化和相互关系，才能够下笔。否则张冠李戴，即使文章本身再不同凡响、语惊四座，也只会竹篮打水、甚至起到适得其反的效果。

六. 卷面

对于像作文这样的主观题而言，考生与阅卷老师从来就犹如搏弈，无形中彼此互动、相互影响。一个考生可以做的，首先是通过卷面给阅卷老师下意识地传达个人信息。用笔的颜色、粗细，整齐划一的格式，明了的段落感，清晰的字数感，工整的字迹都会给任何阅读者留下深刻的正面印象，从而使考生先发制人、取得先机。

七. 结构

有始有终、首尾照应，是任何一篇好文章的基本标准之一，也是两大评分原则之一。如果说广大考生已经给第一段以足够重视的话，那么是不是大多数考生都意识到了理由段的条理和最后一段的呼应在全文中所具有的不可忽视的地位了呢?其实，要写好理由段，我们只需要注意表示启承转合的衔接词即可。而要写好结尾，最好的方法莫过于温故而知新，回顾第一段的大致内容了。

八. 表达

言之无文，行而不远。语言作为评分原则中的基本要素之一，在四六级作文评分的整个过程中具有决定性作用。有评分老师甚至断言：“It is not what you say, it is the way that you say it.”虽然这种说法本身似乎有失偏颇，可是参加过国际标准化英语考试的同学应该也听说过那么一句话，叫做：“Give the monkey exactly what he wants.”，不是吗?譬如同样是描述数据，一些同学拘泥于图表本身，动辄按部就班地引用图表上现成的数字和年代，其实这都是图表作文的忌讳。聪明的同学引而不用，他们常喜欢用倍数、分数、小数、百分比、或者一些动词来表现极端数据，动态数据以及他们的相异之处。

九. 检查

行百里者半九十。一篇成功的作文少不了反复推敲、一再修改。然而，由于考试时间和条件等诸多因素的限制，考生绝对需要慎重对待作文的检查和修改。这里，我不得不提考生检查作文时的三大“通病”，即，数字数、孤芳自赏、和做结构与内容上的修改。我们必须明确：考试作文的润色和修改只需要达到三个目的即可：1. 拼写正确，看文章中是否有汉字、多余符号、糊乱涂改、划线、和错别字;2. 搭配正确;和3. 语法正确，特别是人称、时态、和单复数的三"一致"。

鲁迅先生说过，世界上本没有路，走的人多了也就成了路。我们要善于在学习实践中发现、总结和运用规律，这样才能够在复习迎考的过程中事半功倍，百尺竿头、更进一步。路漫漫其修远兮，愿以此文抛砖引玉。

　　英语四级考试作文复习的技巧

技巧1：简洁才是美

好的写作，首先而且至关重要的一点就是简洁。繁冗的写作堆砌了许多无用的词藻，反而减弱表述的清晰度。当然，也不能仅仅因为简短就认为短句一定优于长句。只要一个单词确实能起到一定的作用，它就应该留在句中。一般来说，只有在进行强调或修饰、美化句子时，才能使用重复的单词、语音和短语。修改文章，就是要删繁就简。比较下面这对句子，注意体会二者的差别及效果。

1) Dr. Sun Yat-sen went to Japan by means of a big boat.

2) Dr. Sun Yat-sen went to Japan by boat.

斜体字部分较啰嗦，因为"by"就是"by means of boat"。

策略之一：用介词短语替代从句。

例:

Wordy: While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.

Better: During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning.

Wordy: When you come to the second traffic light, turn right.

Better: At the second traffic light turn left.

2 策略之二：删除诸如"who is”或"that is"之类的关系代词，变从句为短语。

例:

Wordy: The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that took place in the Middle Ages.

Better: The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.

注：把句中的”three parts”改用形容词来表达，节省了四个不必要的单词”which is written in”。我们经常可以将关系代词如”that”去掉，这只会引起最少的变动。

策略之三：剔除你不需要的单词

"Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call. "

写完这样的句子后，你自己再读一遍，挑出单词”joint”和”telephone”，注意删去不必要的词。

2 策略之四：表达否定意义时，尽量避免使用否定词。英语中很多词不用 "no’s" 或者"not’s"也能表达否定含义的词汇，你尽可以采取更为委婉的表达方式。

例：

Thus college students who do not have sufficient financial backing ,

也就是 college students who lacks sufficient financial backing。

如果你不想使用太多的否定词，就应该尽量避免使用它们。

技巧2：平行结构

相似的思想应用相似的形式表达出来。句子的成份相近，则也应以相似的形式出现。请注意以下标有"NO"的句子是不规范的。

No: The school bus skidded, turned sideways, then comes to a stop.

Yes: The school bus skidded, turned sideways, and came to a stop.

(并列时态)

No: I don’t know why I married someone who is miserly, sloppy and a bore.

Yes: I don’t know why I married someone who is miserly, sloppy and boring.

(形容词平行结构)

No: In the wreck the circus lost a panda and elephant.

Yes: In the wreck the circus lost a panda and an elephant.

(不定冠词的平行结构)

No: I debated whether I should give the beggar money or to offer him food.

Yes: I debated whether to give the beggar money or to offer him food.

(不定式的平行结构)

No: They would lie on the battlefield for hours and sometimes days.

Yes: They would lie on the battlefield for hours and sometimes for days.

(介词平行结构)

No: Michael’s vacuum cleaner squealed loudly, shook violently, and dust filled the air.

Yes: Michael’s vacuum cleaner squealed loudly, shook violently, and filled the air with dust.

(并列谓语)

No: The mechanic explained the problem, method, and the tools that he was going to use.

Yes: The mechanic explained the problem, method, and tools that he was going to use.

(并列带有定冠词"the"的名词)

No: He retired respected by his associates, admired by his friends, and his employees loved him.

Yes: He retired respected by his associates, admired by his friends, and loved by his employees.

(并列被动语态)

No: As a young man he had been to Shanghai, fighting in the Anti-Japanese War, and following the Nationalist Party to Chongking.

Yes: As a young man he had been to Shanghai, had fought in the Anti-Japanese War and had followed the Nationalist Party to Chongking.

(并列过去完成时)

No: Jane is pretty, with brown hair, and has a graceful manner.

Yes: Jane is pretty, brown-haired, and graceful.

(形容词平行结构)

No: He left the city because of his lack of success in business, the departure of his friends and because his health deteriorated rapidly.

Yes: He left the city because of his lack of success in business, the departure of his friends and his rapidly failing health.

(作宾语的名词平行结构)

No: They bought the house for location and affordability.

Yes: They bought the house because of its location and its affordability.

(并列名词;注意代词的所有格)

No: Why did you make Xiao Zhang feel useless and as if he was unimportant?

Yes: Why did you make Xiao Zhang feel useless and unimportant?

(形容词的平行结构)

No: This could be a problem for both the winners and for those who lose.

Yes: This could be a problem for both the winners and losers.

(名词平行结构)

No: The prisoner was not only found guilty of bribery but also adultery.

Yes: The prisoner was found guilty not only of bribery but also of adultery.

(并列介词短语)

为使平行结构清楚明了，随时都可以重复介词、冠词、助动词、不定词标志，或者长的短语或句子的介绍词。

　　英语四级写作模板

(1) 不同观点列举型( 选择型 )

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______hermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People,　however,　differ　in　their　opinions　on　this　matter.　Some　people　hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there　is no　doubt　that ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, I　firmly　support　the　view　that __观点一或二______.　It　is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

(2)利弊型的议论文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.

Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.

To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

( 3 ) 答题性议论文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.

As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.

Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.

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