国中英语必备语法知识归纳

在国中英语学习过程中，学生们觉得最难的就是英语语法的学习，因为英语的语法跟汉语的语法有很大的不同。下面是本站小编为大家整理的国中英语重点知识总结，希望对大家有用!

　　国中英语语法知识

一、冠词 a / an 的用法

a用于辅音音素前 a useful book, a university

an则用于元音音素前 an hour, an honest boy , an “A E F H I L M N O R S X”

二、定冠词the的用法：

1)特指双方都明白的人或物： Give me the book.

2)上文提到过的人或事： ---Do you know the lady in blue? –Yes, she is a teacher of a university.

3)指世上独一物二的事物the sun ( sky / moon/ earth/ world/ nature/ universe )

4)单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元; The lion is a wild animal.或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich /poor/ blind/ aged / living / impossible

5)用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very, same等前面：I live on the second floor.

6)用在表示身体部位的名词前： She caught me by the arm.

7)用在表示乐器和表方位的名词之前：　 She plays the piano violin guitar in the north of China

8)用在普通名词构成专有名词前： the People's Republic of China　 the United States the Great Wall the Summer Palace

9) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the Greens are playing the piano.

10) in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),　in the middle (of),　in the end, all the time at the same time on the whole,　by the way,　go to the cinema at he age of six at the beginning of the twenty-first century on the other side of at the moment the day after tomorrow　 the day before yesterday,　the next morning,　in the sky (water，field，country)　in the dark, in the rain

三、不用定冠词的情况

1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：China , Europe 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋

2)物质名词和抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词;当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Failure is the mother of success.　失败乃成功之母。

3)在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词; Children’s Day Mother’s Day Father’s Day

4)在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词; He is captain of the team.

5)在三餐、四季，球类运动、学科、娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如：have breakfast /supper / lunch，play basketball / football / volleyball / chess , in spring/summer/ autumn/ winter

　　国中英语知识重点

1. 被动语态的.基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时

例：Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.

2) has /have been done 现在完成时

例:All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.

3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时

例:A new cinema is being built here.

4) was/were done 一般过去时

例：I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.

5) had been done 过去完成时

例： By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.

6) was/were being done 过去进行时

例：A meeting was being held when I was there.

7) shall/will be done 一般将来时

例:Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.

8) should/would be done 过去将来时

例：The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.

9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)

例:The project will have been completed before July.

2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be+过去分词。

例:The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.

2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例:His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.

3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例:Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

例:Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.

5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.

　　国中英语基础知识

1)will/shall+动词原形 shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=won't shall not=shan't例如：

Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?

2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?

b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。

c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。

3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：

He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

Notice:be to和be going to

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排)

5)现在进行时表将来时

下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时

ve and so on.

she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.

6)一般现在时表将来

1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。